French and Egyptian researchers have concluded that two giant structures near the Red Pyramid in Dahshur, long believed to be transport ramps, are actually ancient dams, reports the website infohub.kz.
According to scientists, the structures, measuring between 600 and 700 meters in length, were built about 4,550 years ago and formed a unified hydraulic system. This system allowed water retention, flood regulation, and reduced sediment accumulation in the Wadi Dahshur valley.
The specialists also discovered a nearly one-kilometer-long canal running along the western side of the Red Pyramid. They believe the water was used to transport building materials on barges, prepare mortar, and supply water to the workers constructing the monument.
Previously, these structures were interpreted as roads or ramps connecting limestone quarries to the pyramid. However, a new analysis of satellite imagery, historical maps, and digital elevation models has shown that one of the structures has a distinctive zigzag shape typical of dams and spillways, and completely unsuitable for a transport route.
The researchers paid particular attention to the central section of the western dam, which features a "duck bill" spillway. This design is widely used for safely diverting large volumes of water and serves as further compelling evidence that the ancient Egyptians created a sophisticated water management system here.