Researchers from Cornell University and University College London have described the precise neural mechanism responsible for spatial navigation in humans and animals. The focus of the study was on so-called place cells located in the hippocampus, a deep brain structure. These cells activate when an organism is in a specific location on a spatial map or mentally imagines itself there, reports infohub.kz.
The scientists found that during theta oscillations—rhythmic waves of brain activity—place cells fire in sequential bursts. These bursts, known as "theta sweeps," allow the hippocampus to replay and simulate potential future routes before a person or animal takes the next step.
The discovery provides a clearer understanding of fundamental processes of thought, memory, and decision-making. According to the authors, the findings will not only help better understand the nature of spatial orientation but also advance the study of neurological disorders that impair navigation.