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As the world grapples with an aging population, Central Asia stands out as a vibrant, youthful region, with Uzbekistan leading a significant demographic surge. Experts from the United Nations have dubbed the area the "youngest region in a rapidly aging world," a trend driven by Uzbekistan's population growth rate, which is double the global average.

Global Trends vs. Central Asian Dynamics

Globally, population growth has been steadily declining. In the 1960s, the annual growth rate exceeded 2%, but by 2020-2023, it had fallen to just 0.9%. Projections suggest that by the 2070s, global population growth could approach zero or even turn negative.

Central Asia, however, bucks this trend. The region's population is growing at twice the global average. In the last decade, the natural growth rate has stabilized around 18‰, significantly higher than the global figure of approximately 9‰.

Uzbekistan: The Demographic Engine

Uzbekistan is at the forefront of this demographic dynamism. With a median age of just 27, the country is a key driver of Central Asia's youthfulness. As of early 2026, Uzbekistan's population surpassed 38.38 million. If current trends continue, Uzbekistan could account for nearly 60% of Central Asia's population by the end of the century, potentially exceeding Russia's current population.

Kazakhstan's Shifting Demographics

In contrast, Kazakhstan is experiencing a different demographic trajectory, showing signs of becoming an "aging society." The number of elderly citizens is increasing at a faster rate than the number of children. The ratio of seniors to every 100 children has been steadily rising in recent years.

The number of children under 14 is declining, while the population aged 65 and over has grown by nearly 60% in the last decade. This situation highlights the need for policies that encourage birth rates and create conditions to retain young people within the country.

This information was reported by the Infohub.kz news agency.