InfoHub Logo

A long-standing debate in Kazakhstan regarding the privatization of water infrastructure and the potential return of these vital systems to state control has resurfaced, raising critical questions about the management of the nation's water resources.

The History of Water System Privatization

Over various periods, Kazakhstan transferred ownership of its water infrastructure, including dams, reservoirs, and distribution networks, to private entities. Initially, these moves were intended to alleviate the burden on the state budget and attract investment. This privatization process began in the turbulent 1990s and continued through a second wave in the 2010s.

However, the intended benefits have largely failed to materialize. Instead of modernization, the infrastructure often remained in disrepair, leading to increased tariffs and fragmented accountability.

Tragic Consequences and Warnings

One of the most devastating consequences of private ownership was the collapse of the Kyzylagash dam in 2010. The failure of this privately-owned structure resulted in fatalities and prompted a critical re-evaluation of legislation concerning private ownership of dams and reservoirs.

More recently, the decision to return water channel facilities in the city of Shymkent to state ownership has amplified the urgency of this issue. Public discontent has arisen concerning tariffs, investment obligations, and the privatization process itself.

Expert Opinions on Private Management

Experts in water resource management hold diverse views on the role of business in this sector. Some argue that private ownership is not inherently problematic if owners operate responsibly and facilities are under strict state supervision.

Conversely, others contend that private businesses lack the long-term interest in investing in infrastructure upgrades, adhering to environmental standards, and ensuring safety. In the face of water scarcity, climate change, and threats to critical infrastructure, water management has transcended mere utility or economic concerns, escalating to the level of national security.

The Significance of Water Resources

On September 1, 2023, President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev emphasized in his address to the nation that water resources are as crucial to Kazakhstan as oil, gas, and metals. This statement led to the establishment of a new ministry for water management and the setting of new objectives for resource governance.

Arguments Against Private Ownership

Arman Utepov, an expert on water ecosystems, believes that businesses prioritize profit while rivers require ecological minimums. He points out that private owners are often unwilling to spend money on repairing old dams or cleaning channels, as these investments do not yield quick returns. He also highlights the potential for violations of environmental regulations.

A representative from law enforcement agencies, who wished to remain anonymous, views critical infrastructure in private hands as a security risk. They stated that sabotage of water channels could disrupt a city's operations more rapidly than other incidents.

Conclusion

The question of ownership in water resource management has become a matter of national security, not just an economic issue. The return of the Shymkent water channel to state ownership signals a potential shift in the management model within this sector. However, it remains uncertain whether this will initiate a systemic review or remain an isolated measure.

Бұл туралы Infohub.kz ақпарат агенттігі хабарлайды.