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Kazakhstan is set to implement significant reforms aimed at revitalizing its crucial livestock sector, which has been grappling with a shortage of skilled workers and stagnant growth. The government is introducing new measures designed to boost wages, improve social benefits, and potentially lower the retirement age for essential agricultural professionals.

Boosting Wages for Shepherds and Veterinarians

Key initiatives include recognizing the demanding work of shepherds and herders in remote areas as 'hazardous labor.' This reclassification is expected to lead to substantial increases in their salaries and social security benefits. Similarly, veterinarians working in rural areas to combat animal diseases will see their incomes significantly enhanced.

Addressing Sector-Wide Challenges

Official statistics highlight the difficulties facing the livestock industry. For instance, the poultry population saw a slight decrease from 48.6 million to 47.6 million within a year. Despite subsidies, cattle numbers only grew modestly from 8.9 million to 9.1 million, indicating a slow pace of development. Experts point out that the issues extend beyond mere salary levels, encompassing demographic shifts, migration patterns, and the overall quality of life in rural areas.

Potential for Earlier Retirement

A significant proposed benefit is the possibility for livestock workers to retire as early as age 55. This is part of a broader package of incentives being developed by the government. Vice Prime Minister Serik Zhumangarin mentioned that mechanisms for subsidizing jobs in the livestock sector are being finalized, meaning a portion of salaries could be covered by the state budget. Including nomadic livestock workers in the 'hazardous labor' category would grant them access to additional social guarantees.

Investing in Veterinary Services

Substantial financial resources are being allocated to increase the salaries of veterinarians. Between 2023 and 2025, 29.6 billion tenge were earmarked for this purpose, raising the average salary from 119,700 tenge to 271,500 tenge. Further investment is planned for 2026-2028, with an annual allocation of 12.2 billion tenge. Additionally, veterinarians working with hazardous biological agents will receive a 35-50% bonus, along with a recuperation allowance equivalent to at least two months' salary.

Attracting Young Talent to Agriculture

To ensure a steady supply of skilled professionals, Kazakhstan is also looking to enhance targeted grants and scholarships for agricultural education. The country anticipates needing 883,000 specialists by 2030, with 63,000 required for the agro-industrial complex. To make agricultural professions more accessible, the 'rural quota' for university admissions has been increased from 30% to 35%, and the minimum threshold score for the unified national test (UNT) for agricultural specialties has been lowered from 60 to 50.

These comprehensive measures aim to inject new life into Kazakhstan's livestock sector, addressing critical labor shortages and fostering sustainable growth for the future.

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