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Stýdent: Irsaıtova Janar Serıkovna
Ǵylymı jetekshi: Saım L.N.
Oblystyq jastar densaýlyǵy ortalyǵy
Qyzylorda medısınalyq joǵary koleji

Kilt sózder: Erte júktilik, abort, reprodýktıvti densaýlyq, sheteldik zertteýler, qaterli isik, jastar men jasóspirimder, jasóspirimder júktiligi

                                              

Taqyryptyń ózektiligi: Qazaqstandyqtardyń ósip kele jatqan urpaǵynyń densaýlyǵyn saqtaý Memleket basshysy men Úkimettiń únemi baqylaýynda bolatyn memlekettiń basym strategıalyq mindetteriniń biri bolyp tabylady BUU-nyń málimetinshe, álemdegi damýshy elderde jylyna 7,3 mln kámeletke tolmaǵan qyzdar bala taýyp jatady , onyń 2 mıllıony – 15 jasqa tolmaǵan qyz balalardy qurap otyr. Bul kúnine 20 myń jasóspirim qyz dúnıege bala ákeledi degendi bildiredi. Osynyń saldarynan jasóspirimder arasyndaǵy júktiliktiń ósýi, jasóspirimder arasyndaǵy nekeler men jasóspirim analar, erte jasta túsik jasaý, kámeletke tolmaǵan analardyń jańa týǵan nárestelerinen bas tartýy syndy jaǵdaılar sanynyń artýy, jańa týǵan náresteler men analar arasyndaǵy óliminiń joǵary bolýy, kámeletke tolmaǵan qyzdardyń damýynda patologıasy bar nárestelerdi dúnıege ákelýi, bededeýlik, qaterli isik aýrýlary, ár túrli jynystyq qatynas arqyly juǵatyn aýrýlar, qyzdar arasyndaǵy sýısıdterdiń kóbeıýi - osynyń bári elimizdegi demografıalyq jaǵdaıǵa keri áserin tıgizedi. Bul másele HHİ ǵasyrdaǵy álemniń kóptegen elderiniń densaýlyq saqtaý júıesiniń eń ózekti problemasy bolyp qala beredi.

           

Qazaqstanda 2019 jyly 15-17 jas aralyǵyndaǵy 1651 júkti qyz tirkeldi.Qazaqstanda balalar Eýropa elderine qaraǵanda alty ese kóp týady. Júkti bolǵannan keıin kóptegen qyzdar mektepti tastaıdy, bul olardy keıingi bilim alý múmkindiginen aıyrady, ári qaraı óz densaýlyǵyn ǵana emes, sonymen birge balalardy da qamtamasyz etedi. Jyl saıyn júktilik jáne bosaný kezindegi asqynýlardan 70 myń jasóspirim qyz qaıtys bolady. Jasóspirim anadan týǵan balanyń ómiriniń birinshi aıynda ólý múmkindigi eresek ananyń balasyna qaraǵanda 50% - ǵa joǵary" DDSU málimetinshe, Qazaqstanda jyl saıyn jasóspirimder júktiliginiń, kóshelerde tastap ketken sábılerdiń myńdaǵan jaǵdaılary, balalar men áıelderge qarsy baǵyttalǵan seksýaldyq jáne fızıkalyq zorlyq-zombylyq faktileri tirkeledi. Mundaı jaǵdaıda jastar men jasóspirimderge ózderin fızıkalyq jáne emosıonaldy túrde qorǵaı bilý mańyzdy. Olarǵa qaýipsiz jynystyq minez-qulyq daǵdylaryn qalyptastyrý, aqparattandyrylǵan sheshimder qabyldaý jáne eskirgen stereotıpterdi jeńý úshin jynystyq jáne genderlik bilim qajet

Kyzylorda oblysy boıynsha 2017-2018 j jasóspirimder arasyndaǵy júktiliktiń tirkelgen  jyldyq salystyrmaly esebi boıynsha  esepke alynǵany 2017 j-146, 2018 j-130, onyń ishinde merziminen buryn bosanǵandar 2017 j-14,  2018 j-9, onyń ishinde 15 jastaǵy 2017- 2018 jyldary 4 jasóspirim qyz balalar  bolǵan. Al 2019 jyly jasóspirimder arasynda júktilikpen tirkelgender sany 113, 15 jasta -3 jasóspirim, 16 jasta-27 jasóspirim, 17 jasta 83 jasóspirimder tirkelgen. 2020 jyly  jasóspirimder arasynda júktilikpen tirkelgender sany-121 , onyń 16 jasta-33 jasóspirim, 17 jasta 88 jasóspirimder tirkelgen.

Sondyqtan da, jastar men jasóspirimder arasyndaǵy júktilik, túsik, qalaýsyz júktilik jáne abort jıiliginiń joǵarylyǵyna baılanysty densaýlyq saqtaý júıesiniń eń mańyzdy problemalardyń biri bolyp sanalady

Zertteý maqsaty: Qazirgi tańdaǵy úlken máselege aınalǵan jastar men jasóspirimder arasynda josparlanbaǵan  erte júktiliktiń aldyn alýdaǵy medısına qyzmetkeriniń  rólin  saýalnama arqyly  zertteý.

Tásilder men materıaldar

Zertteý jumysynda 30 respondent qamtyldy. Caýalnama mıks bolyp qurastyryldy, ıaǵnı saýalnama eki maqalaǵa  súıene otyryp jasalyndy. Olar «Problema podrostkovoı beremennostı ı rol srednego medısınskogo personala v ee pervıchnoı ı vtorıchnoı profılaktıke» jáne E. A. Markvatova «Osobennostı medıko-sosıalnoı gotovnostı k materınstvý» maqalalarynan alynǵan. Osy zertteýdegi saýalnama suraqtarynyń úlgisi meniń zertteýimde qoldanylady.

Zertteý dızaıny: Sapalyq zertteý, fenomenaldy; randomızırlengen maqsatty, popýlásıaǵa negizdelgen

Zertteý obektisi: 2020 jyldyń jeltoqsan aıynda Qyzylorda oblystyq jastar densaýlyǵy ortalyǵyna júginýshi 14-18 jas aralyǵyndaǵy jastar men jasóspirimderden zertteý júrgizý arqyly saýalnama  alyndy.

Zertteý quraly: Oblystyq jastar densaýlyǵy ortalyǵynda jastar men jasóspirimder arasynda «Josparlanbaǵan erte júktiliktiń aldyn alý» taqyrybynda saýalnama júrgizildi.

Negizgi zertteýdegi jastar men jasóspirimderdi aqpartattandyrý maqsatynda kontrasepsıa, túsik, qalaýsyz júktiliktiń aldyn  alý sharalary  týraly jastardan, 20 suraqtan turatyn saýalnama alyndy. Saýalnama  anonımdi túrde ótkizildi. Zertteýge qatysýshylardan jazbasha túrde zertteýge ruqsat beretindigi týraly kelisim alyndy. .

Qorytyndy: Zertteý jumysynnyń nátıjesi boıynsha  jastar men jasóspirimder arasyndaǵy josparlanbaǵan erte júktiliktiń aldyn alýdaǵy aqparattandyrylý deńgeıi     

62 %-dy qurady, ıaǵnı bul jasóspirimderdiń otbasyn josparlaý, jynystyq qatynas, jynystyq jolmen beriletin aýrýlar, tıimdi kontrasepsıa ádisteri, qaýipsiz jynystyq qatynas jáne t.b. týraly habardar bolýynyń tómen deńgeıimen sıpattalady. Demek, jastar men jasóspirimder arasyndaǵy josparlanbaǵan erte júktiliktiń aldyn alý, kontrasepsıa ádisteri, jynystyq jolmen juǵatyn aýrýlar, qaýipsiz jynystyq qatynas týraly aqparat deńgeıin jaqsartý úshin  medısına qyzmetkeriniń atqaratyn  róli zor.

Praktıkalyq usynys

1. Oqý-oryndarynda jastar men jasóspirimderdi aqparattandyrý, kontrasepsıalyq ádisterdi úıretý, jeke bas gıgıenasyn, reprodýkdtıvtik densaýlyqty túsindirý negizinde  densaýlyq mektebin ashyp, oǵan meıirbıke, tárbıe isi jónindegi  orynbasary jáne dırektordy jaýapty etip taǵaıyndaý.

2. Bilim alý mekemelerinde aıyna bir ret bala tárbıesine baılanysty ata-analar jınalysyn ótkizý

3. Oqý oryndarynda  jynystyq qatynas jáne órbitý saýlyǵy (qyzdar men er balalar arasyndaǵy qarym – qatynas, túsiktiń aldyn alý, jynystyq jolmen juǵatyn ınfeksıanyń aldyn alý taqyryptarynda jyldyq jospar jasalynyp, kestege sáıkes OJDO mamandarynyń uıymdastyrýymen  semınar-trenıng ótkizý.

4. Mektep qabyrǵasyndaǵy er balalarǵa arnaıy qalaýsyz júktilik pen jynystyq qatynas arqyly juǵatyn aýrýlardan  saqtanýdyń joldary týraly músheqapty qalaı paıdalaný kerek ekenin arnaıy aptasyna bir ret meıirgerdiń qatysýymen sabaq uıymdastyrylyp, júrgizý.

5. Jynystyq tárbıe saǵattaryn engizýge tehnıkalyq qoldaý kórsetý.

6. OJDO sımýlásıalyq kabınetterinen bilim alý mekemeleriniń meıirbıkelerine salaýatty ómir salty, kontrasepsıalyq ádisteri, reprodýktıvti densaýlyq jaıynda oqytý -semınaryn uıymdastyrý.

7. Josparlanbaǵan erte júktiliktiń aldyn alý maqsatynda bilim berý mekemeleriniń dırektory, dırektordiń tárbıe isi jónindegi  orynbasary jáne medısına qyzmetkerimen tyǵyz baılanysty jumys jasaý  (Oblystyq bilim basqarmasymen salaralyq baǵytta jyldyq jospar, keste boıynsha blok shema qurý).

8. Ortalyq medbıke qyzmetkeri  salaralyq baǵytta oqý oryndarymen tyǵyz baılanysta blok shema boıynsha  jumys júrgizip, anyqtalǵan jasóspirimderdiń shaǵymdary boıynsha jastar densaýlyǵy ortalyǵynyń gınekolog, ýrolog, teri – venerolog dárigerleriniń keńes alýyna shaqyrýyn uıymdastyrý.

9. OJDO medısına qyzmetkerleri jasóspirimderge jastarǵa josparlanbaǵan erte júktilik týraly aqparat ádisin  túrlendirý.

10. Jastar men jasóspirimderdiń  suranysy boıynsha Oblystyq jastar densaýlyǵy ortalyǵyndaǵy sımýlásıalyq kabınetti qosymsha ádistemelik quraldarmen tolyqtyrý.

11. Josparlanbaǵan erte júktiliktiń aldyn alý maqsatynda keńinen is sharalar ótkizýge erikti tartý.

12. Jalpy bilim berý mekemeleriniń meıirbıkeleri úshin kámeletke tolmaǵan qyzdarda erte júktiliktiń aldyn  alý baǵdarlamasyn ázirleý.

13.Otbasyn josparlaý máseleleri boıynsha keńes berý modelin ázirleý.

PAIDALANYLǴAN ÁDEBIETTER TİZİMİ

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