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Stýdent: Kýrakbaeva Gýlhanys Shakızadaevna
Ǵylymı jetekshi: Saım L.N.
«Kóp beıindi oblystyq aýrýhanasynyń kóz aýrýlary bólimshesinde emdelýshi pasıentterdiń katarakta aýrýy týraly aqparattandyrylý deńgeıi»
Kóp beıindi oblystyq aýrýhanasy
Qyzylorda medısınalyq joǵary koleji

 Kilt sózder: Katarakta aýrýy, kóz aýrýlary, qaýip faktorlar, dıagnostıka, oftalmologıa, pasıentterdiń aqparattandyrý deńgeıi, qart jáne egde jas, meıirgerlik kútim, meıirger bilim deńgeıi, aýrý saldary, jetkiliksiz bilim, jetkiliksiz aqparattandyrý.

Taqyryptyń ózektiligi: Kez kelgen jasta kórý qabiletin saqtaý adamnyń belsendi áreketiniń mańyzdy sharttarynyń biri bolyp tabylady. Kórý - bul adamnyń tolyqqandy ómirin qamtamasyz etetin eń kúrdeli psıhofızıologıalyq proses, óıtkeni syrtqy álem týraly aqparattyń 90% vızýaldy analızator arqyly keledi. Resmı statısıkaǵa sáıkes, kórý problemalary adam aǵzalarynyń barlyq aýrýlary arasynda besinshi orynda - tynys alý, tamyr, as qorytý jáne genıtýrıa júıesiniń aýrýlarynan keıin.

Dúnıejúzilik densaýlyq saqtaý uıymynyń alǵashqy Dúnıejúzilik kórý týraly baıandamasyna sáıkes, álemde 1 mıllıardtan astam adam kórý qabileti buzylǵan jáne glaýkoma jáne katarakta sıaqty jaǵdaılarǵa qajetti kómek ala almaıdy .

Dúnıejúzilik densaýlyq saqtaý uıymynyń málimetteri boıynsha katarakta aýrýymen shamamen 17 mıllıon zardap shegedi, negizinen 60 jastan keıin jastarda. 45-50 jasynda kópshiliginde kataraktanyń alǵashqy kórinisteri baıqaladay. 70-80 jasta katarakta 1000 adamǵa 260 er adamda jáne 460 áıelde bolady, al 80 jastan keıin – barlyq adamdarda kezdesedi. Statısıka kórsetkendeı, álemde 20 mıllıon adam katarakta soqyrlyqty týdyrdy[

Qazaqstanda da kórý qabiletiniń buzylýynyń negizgi sebebi - katarakta. Qazaqstanda jylyna 19 myń katarakta aýrýyna ota jasalady. Kórý múshesiniń aýrýlary medısınalyq qana emes, sonymen birge áleýmettik-ekonomıkalyq mańyzy bar. Kórý múshesi aýrýlarynyń ishinde katarakta erekshe oryn alady, bul, bir jaǵynan, bizdiń eldiń turǵyndarynyń qartaıý tendensıasymen, al ekinshi jaǵynan, katarakta aýrýynyń kóbeıýimen baılanysty .

Qyzylorda oblysy boıynsha 2018 jyly 808 pasıent tirkeldi, 520 pasıentke ota jasaldy, 2019 jyly bul kórsetkish 613 pasıentke azaıdy, 395 pasıentke ota jasaldy.

Katarakta kóbinese qartaıýdyń sózsiz saldary bolyp sanalǵanymen, adamnyń kataraktasyna baılanysty qaýip faktorlaryn jaqynda zertteý kataraktanyń aldyn alatyn nemese onyń damýyn báseńdetetin keıbir aralasýdy anyqtady.

Osyǵan baılanysty pasıentti qaıtymdy soqyrlyqtyń sebepteriniń biri bolyp tabylatyn aýyr aýrý retinde katarakta týraly aqparattandyrý ózekti mindet bolyp tabylady. Pasıentte katarakta týraly qaıyrymdy soqyrlyqtyń sebepteriniń biri bolyp tabylatyn aýyr aýrý týraly biraz túsinik bolýy kerek. Zamanaýı tehnologıalarmen katarakta emdeýdiń jetistigi onyń jetilý dárejesine baılanysty, óıtkeni katarakta ekstraksıasy lınzanyń últradybystyq usaqtalýymen baılanysty. Lınza neǵurlym jumsaq bolsa, ony joıýǵa jáne kózden jýýǵa az ýaqyt ketedi, sáıkesinshe qorshaǵan tinder soǵurlym az jaraqat alady. Ókinishke oraı, kóptegen naýqastarda katarakta emdeý týraly eskirgen ıdeıalar bar nemese olar múldem joq, olar aqparatty mamandardan emes, týystarynan, dostarynan nemese kórshilerinen alady. Bul aqparat qate nemese óte eskirgen bolýy múmkin, bul hırýrgıalyq emge kesh barýǵa ákeledi, operasıany qıyndatady jáne onyń nátıjesin tómendetýi múmkin.

Sonymen qatar, eger hırýrgıalyq emdeý uzaq ýaqytqa keshiktirilse, bul durys emes aqparattan nemese onyń jetispeýinen ǵana emes, sonymen qatar naýqastardyń qarjylyq múmkindikterinen týyndaýy múmkin bolsa, hırýrgıalyq emdeý nátıjesi tómendeýi múmkin. Mamandarǵa ýaqtyly jiberilmegen jaǵdaıda, katarakta óte jaqsy jetilip, ár túrli asqynýlardyń damýyna ákelýi múmkin, mysaly, fakolıtıkalyq glaýkoma jáne fakolıtıkalyq ırıdosıklıt, bul qabyný reaksıasy men kózdiń ólimine ákeledi .

Osylaısha, kataraktanyń aıtarlyqtaı taralýy, ony ýaqtyly emdemegen jaǵdaıda aýyr asqynýlar, katarakta emdeý kýrsynyń erekshelikteri men ádisteri týraly naýqastardyń jetkiliksiz bilimi pasıentterdiń jáne negizgi aqparat kózderiniń habardarlyq deńgeıin zertteýdiń ózektiligine ákeldi .

Osylaısha, medısınalyq qyzmetkerler ǵana emes, sonymen qatar pasıentter kataraktanyń aǵymynyń erekshelikteri men múmkin bolatyn asqynýlary týraly zamanaýı aqparatqa ıe bolýy kerek.

Zertteý maqsaty: Kóp beıindi oblystyq aýrýhanasynyń kóz aýrýlary bólimshesinde emdelýshi pasıentterdiń katarakta aýrýy týraly aqparattandyrylý deńgeıin saýalnama arqyly anyqtaý.

Tásilder men materıaldar

Zertteý jumysy Kóp beıindi oblystyq aýrýhanasynyń kóz aýrýlary bólimshesinde emdelýshi pasıentterdiń katarakta aýrýy týraly aqparattandyrylý deńgeıi anyqtaldy.

Saýalnamada pasıentterge arnalǵan 19 suraqtan turdy. Suraqtardyń árqaısysyna birneshe sáıkes jaýaptar usynyldy. Respondentterge yńǵaıly bolý jáne saýalnama nátıjelerin jaqsartý úshin eki tilde - qazaq jáne orys tilderinde saýalnama daıyndaldy. Saýalnama jasyryn túrde júrgizildi, zertteýge qatysýshylar ortalyqta eki bólim meıirgerleri tańdaldy. Zertteýge qatysýshylardan zertteýge ruqsat berýge jazbasha túrde kelisim alyndy.

Zertteý túri: Sapalyq

Zertteý dızaıny: : Sapalyq zertteý, fenomenaldy; randomızırlengen maqsatty, popýlásıaǵa negizdelgen

Zertteý obektisi: 2020 jyldyń jeltoqsan aıynda Kóp beıindi oblystyq aýrýhanasynyń kóz aýrýlary bólimshesinde emdelýshi pasıentter glaýkoma týraly aqparattandyrylý deńgeıi anyqtaý maqsatynda  saýalnama alyndy. Saýalnama pasıentterge arnalǵan 19 suraqtan turady. Zertteýge jalpy 20 pasıent  qatysty.

Zertteý quraly: Saýalnama Almarı Raedtyń «Jalpy Albaha qalasynyń turǵyndary arasynda katarakta damýynyń sebepteri men qaýip faktorlary týraly habardar bolý» atty maqalasyna súıene otyryp jasalyndy.

«Jalpy Albaha qalasynyń turǵyndary arasynda katarakta damýynyń sebepteri men qaýip faktorlary týraly habardar bolý» taqyrybynda zertteý Saýd Arabıasy 2017 jyly maýsym aıynda júrgizilip 756 respondent qatysqan. Bul zertteý Albaha turǵyndaryn glaýkoma aýrýy týraly aqparattandyrý deńgeıin anyqtaýǵa baǵyttalǵan. Osy zertteýdegi saýalnama suraqtarynyń úlgisi meniń zertteýimde qoldanyldy. Saýalnamalar  suraqtar túrinde qurastyryldy.

Qorytyndy: Zertteý barysynda Kóp beıindi oblystyq aýrýhanasynyń kóz aýrýlary bólimshesinde emdelýshi pasıentterdiń katarakta aýrýy týraly aqparattandyrylý deńgeıi 73 % ekendigi anyqtaldy, ıaǵnı bul kataraktamen kóz aýrýlary bólimshesinde emdelýshi pasıentterdiń katarakta aýrýy týraly aqparattandyrylý deńgeıi 27% jetkiliksiz nemese qol jetimdi emestigin kórsetedi. Pasıentter katarakta aýrýynyń  erekshelikteri men asqynýlary týraly negizgi aqparatty emhana qyzmetkeri  men mamandandyrylǵan aýrýhananyń qyzmetkerinen alady. Onda  syrqattanýshylyqtyń edáýir taralýy jáne turaqty ósýi pasıentterdiń negizgi belgileri, aǵymynyń sıpaty jáne hırýrgıalyq kómekke kesh júginýmen baılanysty aýrýdyń yqtımal asqynýlary týraly habardar bolýyna baılanysty bilimin  arttyratyn is-sharalardy ótkizip, medısına qyzmetkeri pasıentterdiń katarakta aýrýlary týraly túsindirme jumystaryn júrgizip, pasıentke tıimdi medısınalyq  kómek kórsetedi.

Osylaısha, kataraktanyń aıtarlyqtaı taralýy, ony ýaqytyly emdemegen jaǵdaıda aýyr asqynýlar, katarakta emdeý kýrsynyń erekshelikteri men ádisteri týraly naýqastardyń jetkiliksiz bilimi pasıentterdiń jáne negizgi aqparat kózderiniń habardarlyq etip otyrýy kerek

Osylaısha, medısınalyq qyzmetkerler ǵana emes, sonymen qatar pasıentter kataraktanyń aǵymynyń erekshelikteri men múmkin bolatyn asqynýlary týraly zamanaýı aqparatqa ıe bolýy kerek.

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