InfoHub Logo

Shymkent qalasy
№2 «Avısenna» kópsalaly medısınalyq kolejiniń
Farm – 23 -18q top stýdenti Sátim Aqzada Talǵatqyzy
Ǵylymı jetekshisi: Aıtenova Nurgýl Ydyrysqyzy

Sb (III) ıondary silti jáne amıak eritindilerimen metasýrma qyshqylynyń aq tústi tunbasyn túzedi:

H₃[SbCl₆] + 6 NaOH → Sb(OH)₃↓ +6 NaCl + 3 H₂O

3 H⁺  + [SbCl₆]^3- + 6 OH^-  → Sb(OH)₃↓ +6 Cl^- + 3 H₂O

Tunba siltilerdiń artyq mólsherinde jáne kúshti qyshqyldyrda erıdi:

Sb(OH)₃↓ + NaOH → Na[Sb(OH)₄]

Sb(OH)₃↓ + OH ^- → [Sb(OH)₄]^-

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

Sýrma (İİİ) tuzy eritindisiniń 2-3 tamshysyna 1-2 tamshy silti eritindisin qosyp, tunba túzilgenin baıqaý. Tunbany ekige bólip HCl jáne NaOH eritindilerinde eritý qajet.

Gıdrolız reaksıasy.

Sb(İİİ) tuzdarynyń suıytylǵan eritindileri, ásirese qyzdyran kezde gıdrolızdenedi. Reaksıa nátıjesinde aq tústi negizdik tuz – sýrmanyń(İİİ)- oksohlorıdi  SbOSİ túziledi:

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

SbCl₃ + HOH ↔ SbOSİ ↓+ 2HCl

Sb³⁺ + Cl^- + HOH ↔ SbOCl ↓ + 2 H⁺

SbO⁺  bir zarádti katıonnyń rolin atqarady. Tunba tuz qyshqylynda (ásirese qyzdyrǵanda) erıdi:  SbOCl ↓ + 2 HSİ+ Cl^- ↔ SbCl₄^- + H₂O .

Sýrma (İİİ) tuzy eritindisiniń 2-3 tamshysyna 5-6 tamshy dıstıldengen sý qosyp, býlandyrǵyshta qyzdyrý qajet.

Na₂S₂O₃ áseri

Álsiz qyshqyl ortada sýrma (İİİ) tuzdary men natrıı tıosýlfatyn qyzdyrǵan kezde qyzyl tústi sýrma (İİİ) oksıdiniń dısýlfıdi tunbaǵa túsedi.

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

2 SbCl₃ + 2 Na₂S₂O₃ + 3 H₂O → Sb₂OS₂↓ + 2 Na₂SO₄ + 6 HCl

2 Sb³⁺ + 2 S₂O₃^2- + 3 H₂O → Sb₂OS₂↓ + 2 SO₄^2- + 6 H⁺

Sýrma (İİİ) tuzy eritindisiniń 2-3 tamshysyna álsiz qyshqyldyq ortada 2-3 tamshy Na₂S₂O₃ eritindisin qosyp, býlandyrǵyshta qyzdyrady.

H₂S  áseri

Kúkirtti sýtek qyshqyldyq ortada sýrma (İİİ) ıondarymen ashyq qyzǵylt sary tústi amorfty  tunba túzedi.

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

2 SbCl₃ + 3 H₂S → Sb₂S₃ ↓ + 6 HCl

2 Sb ³⁺  + 3 H₂S → Sb₂S₃ ↓ + 6 H⁺

Suıytylǵan beıtarap eritindilerden tústi koloıdty eritindi Sb₂S₃ túziledi. Sýrma (İİİ) sýlfıdi Na₂S, (NH₄)₂S , (NH₄)₂S₂ , NaOH eritindilerimen tıotuzdar beredi:

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

Sb₂S₃ +3 (NH₄)₂S → 2  (NH₄)₃Sb₂S₃

Sb₂S₃ +3 (NH₄)₂S₂ → 2  (NH₄)₃SbS₄ + S

Tıotuzdar turaqsyz qosylystar, olar tuz qyshqyldarynyń áserinen buzylady da, sýlfıd tunbaǵa túsedi:

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

2  (NH₄)₃SbS₃ + 6 HCl → Sb₂S₃ ↓ + 3 H₂S ↑ + 6 NH₄Cl

Sýrma (İİİ) sýlfıdi 6 n. tuz qyshqyly eritindisinde erıdi (As₂S₃, As₂As₅ erimeıdi).

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

Sb₂S₃ + 6 HCl → 2 SbCl₃ + 3 H₂S ↑

Azot qyshqylymen nashar erıtin aq tústi HSbO₃ túzedi:

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

3 Sb₂S₃ + 10 HNO₃ → 6 HSbO₃ ↓+ 9 S + 10 NO + 2 H₂O

nemese:

Sb₂S₃ + 28 HNO₃ → 2 HSbO₃ ↓+ 3 H₂SO₄ + 28 NO₂ + 10 H₂O

 

                           Sb₂S₃ + 18 H₂O – 28 e^- → 2 HSbO₃ + 3 SO₄^2- + 34 H⁺                            1

                                          NO₃^- + 2 H ⁺ + 1 e^-  → NO₂ +  H₂O                                         28

                                   __________________________________________________                                                 

                                   Sb₂S₃ + 28 NO₃^- + 22 H⁺ → 2 HSbO₃ + SO₄^2- + 28 NO₂ + 10 H₂O

Sb₂S₃, NH₄OH jáne  (NH₄)₂CO₃ eritindilerinde erimeıdi (myshák sýlfıdterinen aıyrmashylyǵy).

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

Sýrma (İİİ) tuzy eritindisiniń 4-5 tamshysyna 1-2 tamshy 2 n.  HCl eritindisin qosyp kúkirtti sýtek jiberý qajet. (Reaksıa sorǵysh shkafta oryndalady).

Derbes metaldarmen totyqsyzdandyrý

Kerneý qatarynda sýrmaǵa deıin ornalasqan metaldar ony bos kúıge deıin totyqsyzdandyrady:

Reaksıanyń oryndalýy.

2 H₃[SbCl₆] + 3 Sn → 2 Sb ↓ + 3 H₂[SbCl₄]

2 H₃[SbCl₆] + 3 Fe → 2 Sb ↓ + 3 FeCl₂  +6 HCl

Sýrma (İİİ)- hlorıdi eritindisine bir túıirshik myrysh (ne temir shegesin) salyp bos sýrmanyń qara tunbasynyń túzilgenin baıqaýǵa bolady.

---