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Qazaq halqynyń shyǵarmashylyq dástúri
Konspekt
Qazaq halqynyń aýyz ádebıetinde jyraýlar poezıasy erekshe oryn alady. Áıgili Sypyra jyraý – Qazaqstannyń batysynda ómir súrgen qazaq pen noǵaıǵa ortaq tulǵa. Aýyz ádebıetinde Asan Qaıǵynyń Jánibek hanmen birge bolǵandyǵy aıtylady. Ańyz boıynsha, Deshti Qypshaqqa áıgili Qotan aqynnyń uly Daıyrqoja Ábilhaıyrdyń ataqty bıleriniń biri bolǵan. Ony ádil bılik júrgizgeni úshin halyq Aqjol bı atap ketken. Dospambet jyraý óleńderinen jerin jaýdan qorǵaýǵa shaqyrǵan jalyndy nasıhat saryny seziledi. Qaztýǵan Súıinishulynyń belgili jyry – “Alań da alań, alań jurt”. Shalkıiz Tilenshiuly jyrynan asqan daryndy aqynnyń asqaq beınesi men asyl tekti jaýynger - batyrdyń qudiretti bolmysy kórinedi. Jıembet jyraý Bortoǵashuly Esim hannyń áskerbasy jáne keńesshileriniń biri bolǵan. Ol “Ámiriń qatty, Esim han” tolǵaýyn jyrlaǵan. Marǵasqa – Esim hannyń eń jaqyn joryq jyraýy bolǵan. Jyraý “Eńsegeı boıly er Esim” atty jeti myń joldyq tarıhı jyrdy shyǵarǵan. Aqtamberdi Saryuly – “Aqtaban shubyryndy” oqıǵalarynyń kýágeri. Jyraý Dospambet, Shalkıiz dástúrlerin jalǵastyrýshylardyń biri boldy. Úmbeteı jyraý batyrlardy madaqtap, elge tanystyryp otyrǵan. Onyń “Bógenbaı ólimine”, "Eı Aqtamberdi, Qabanbaı", "Bekbolat bıge" atty jyrlarynyń tarıhı tanymdyq jaǵy basym. Buhar jyraý Qalqamanuly el bıleý isine aralasyp, Abylaı hannyń aqylshysy bolǵan.
Qazaq halqynyń saz óneri – halyq bolyp qalyptasqanǵa deıingi rý - taıpalardyń mýzykalyq óneriniń tikeleı jalǵasy. Qazaq halqynyń ómirinde mýzykanyń aıryqsha oryn alatynyn 13 - 15 ǵasyrlarda Qazaqstan jeri arqyly ótken saıahatshylar – Plano Karpını, Vılgelm Rýbrýk, Marko Polo, Rýzbıhan, Iakýb jazyp ketken.
Qazaq halqynyń búgingi tańda 40 - tan astam mýzykalyq aspaptary bar. Jaý shapqanda dabyl, daýylpaz, uran, kerneı arqyly elge habar berilip otyrǵan. Baqsy - balgerler zikir salǵanda dańǵara, asataıaq, shańqobyzdy paıdalanǵan. Balshyqtan, qamystan, múıizden úrmeli aspaptar – sazsyrnaı, syrnaı, sybyzǵy, adyrna, uran, kerneı jasalady. İshekti mýzykalyq aspaptar – jetigen, sherter, dombyra, qobyz. Coqpaly aspaptar – dańǵyra, daýylpaz, shyńdaýyl, dabyl, asataıaq.
Konspekt suraqtar
1. 14 ǵasyrda ómir súrgen, qazaq pen noǵaıǵa ortaq tulǵa, áıgili jyraý:
2. Dospambet jyraýdyń qaıtys bolǵan jeri:
3. Kavkazdyń teristigi, Qyrym, Don boıynda áskerı joryqtarǵa qatysqan jyraý:
4. Jıembet jyraýdyń shyǵarmasy:
5. Marǵasqa jyraýdyń ómir súrgen kezeńi:
6. Aqtamberdi jyraýdyń ólim jazasyna buıyrylyp, qashyp qutylǵan jyly:
7. Úmbeteıdiń jyraýlyq jolǵa túsýine áser etti:
8. Abylaı hannyń aqylshysy bolǵan jyraý:
9. Qańly eliniń mýzykanttary týraly habarlaıtyn derek:
10. “Búkil qazaq dalasy án salyp turǵandaı kórinedi” dep jazdy:
11. Qazaq halqynyń mýzykalyq aspaptarynyń sany:
12. Qazaq halqynyń saz aspaptarynyń ishindegi úrmeli aspaby:
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